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OVERVIEW

The green technologies of the future—electric vehicles, wind turbines, drones, and more—depend on powerful rare earth magnets to turn energy into motion.

Without a consistent and trusted supply, the entire supply chain for critical magnetic materials has shifted to Asia, primarily China.

Today, China dominates the rare earth industry, producing over 80% of global supply.

DEMAND FOR REE

The supply chain powering AI, defense, and industry begins underground, yet most decision makers can’t name the materials that make it possible.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

  • REEs are critical in high-performance hardware & data centers

  • Neodymium, dysprosium, & other REEs are vital for every AI system

NATIONAL SECURITY

  • US Heavily reliant on China for REEs

  • US initiatives: advanced research on recycling and domestic mining

DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY

  • Critical for modern defense technology

  • Essential for the performance and miniaturization of advanced military equipment

ROBOTICS & DRONES

  • Expected to be the biggest driver of demand for magnet rare earths by 2040

  • Critical in motors, actuators, sensors and displays

ELECTRICAL VEHICLES

  • Essential for EV motor magnets

  • Key REEs: neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium

GEOPOLITICS UNDERSCORES THE IMPORTANCE OF REEs

U.S. Department of War Looks to Establish ‘Mine-to-Magnet’ Supply Chain For Rare Earth Materials

Rare Earth Elements Usage by Select Military Weapon Systems (1)

Lockheed Martin F-35

~ 900 Pounds

Arleigh Burke DDG-51 Destroyer

~ 5,200 Pounds

~ 5,200 Pounds

Virginia Class Submarine

~ 9,200 Pounds

~ 9,200 Pounds

Significant Government Support to Secure Critical Metals

2020

American Energy Innovation Act (1) includes “responsible production of domestic resources to meet critical mineral needs”

2022

Inflation Reduction Act (2) creates specific incentives and allocations for domestic production of critical elements

2025

Executive Orders 14156 (3) & 14154 (4) declares U.S. critical minerals capacity “far too inadequate” to meet the Nation’s needs

2025

Executive Order 14241 (5) “Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production” establishes National Energy Dominance Council for expedited permitting

Export-Import Bank of the United States, a federal agency, announced $2.2 billion in potential financing for seven mineral projects in Australia – Reuters

2026

Securing America’s Defense Supply Chains (6) “The Order encourages defense contractors to begin qualifying new domestic sources of critical minerals, while also removing regulatory barriers in the qualification process.”

(1) Murkowski, Manchin Introduce American Energy Innovation Act, Energysenate.gov, 2020.   (2) Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 – Department of Energy – 2022.   (3) “Declaring a National Energy Emergency,” EO 14156 – The White House, January 20, 2025.  (4) “Unleashing American Energy,” EO 14154 – The White House, January 20, 2025.  (5) “Immediate Measures to Increase American Mineral Production,” EO  14241 -The White House, March 20, 2025 (6) whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2026/07/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-secures-americas-defense-supply-chains-and-ensures-domestic-acquisition-of-critical-materials/

SIGNIFICANT GLOBAL DEMAND FOR RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

Rare Earth Element Production by Country *

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Global Demand for NdFeB Magnets is Expected to Grow Dramatically (1)

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Over 40 Kilotons of Unmet REEs Demand Forecasted by 2035 (3)
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* Source: miningvisuals.com

(1) Footnote: 2020-2024 Historical DOD Support; July 2025: MP Materials (DOD Equity + Loan); September 2025: Lithium Americas Deal (DOD Loan) and Ucore DOD Funding; October 2025: US-Australia Partnership and Trilogy DOD Investment

U.S. BASED OPERATIONS CREATE SIGNIFICANT ADVANTAGES

Department of War

 ~$1B in Grants, Loans, & Investments Since 2020

“We’re investing in expanding critical mineral production, including rare earth elements, heavy rare earth elements, light rare earth elements, all the things we need that need to be made at home or by our allies and partners.”

Secretary Of Defense Pete Hegseth (1)

Department of Energy

 ~$150M in Grants since 2021

“Rebuilding a domestic supply chain for critical minerals and materials here at home will both safeguard our national security and support the continued development of a clean energy and industrial economy.”

– U.S. Department of Energy Office of FECM (2)

U.S. Congress

Bipartisan Support & Legislation

“The production of Rare Earth Elements will spur new economic opportunities for American workers while enhancing national security.”

– Representative Guy Reschenthaler (PA-14) (3)

Key Benefits of Reduced Dependence on China’s REEs Supply (4)

More Secure, Independent Supply Chains

Domestic Satisfaction of Mineral Demand for Key U.S. Sectors

Insulation From Foreign Export Controls

Diminished Chinese Pricing Power

RARE EARTH ELEMENTS OVERVIEW

Composition

End Markets (3)

Composition

Light rare earths represent the lanthanides, the rare earth elements with the chemical group with the lowest atomic numbers
  • Used in cell phones, electric cars, medical equipment, wind turbines, data storage systems, permanent magnets, etc. (1)
End Markets (3)

Composition

Heavy rare earth metals are less common and many of the elements within the group face shortages as demand outpaces supply (2)
  • Used in hybrid cars, fiber optics, and medical devices (1)

End Markets (3)

(1) Rare Earth Metals: Heavy vs. Light (Investing News – Rare Earth Investing News).

(2) The Not-So-Rare Earth Elements: A Question of Supply and Demand – Kleinman Center for Energy Policy, 2021.

(3) An Elemental Issue – The United States Army, 2019.

RARE EARTH ELEMENTS POWER OUR MODERN ECONOMY

Rare Earth Elements serve as indispensable components in a wide range of industries

Rare Earth Elements are Critical to the Economy

  • Rare Earth Elements are a group of 17 elements that are critical for modern technologies
  • China produces ~70% of global Rare Earth Elements causing North America to have a vulnerability and over-reliance on this supply chain (1)
  • Canada and U.S. have designated Rare Earth Elements as critical minerals and in February 2021, an executive order was signed to secure the U.S. domestic supply chain
  • Federal Legislation Passed By Congress in July 2025, authorizing $7 billion to build domestic critical minerals stockpile and for investments in critical minerals supply chains, reducing U.S. dependence on China (3)

NORTH AMERICA NEEDS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

China’s Share of U.S. Rare Earth Elements Imports

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(1) USGS – Mineral Commodity Summaries 2024, page 145.

(2 )Chart – U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2023.

(3) One Big Beautiful Bill (OBBB), Sec. 20004 – July, 2025

Steve Vanry

Advisor

Mr. Vanry is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) and Chartered Investment Manager (CIM) and is a member of the CFA Institute as well as the Vancouver Society of Financial Analysts. He brings over 25-years of professional experience in senior management positions with public and private companies, providing expertise in capital markets, strategic planning, corporate finance, mergers and acquisitions, regulatory compliance, accounting, and financial reporting. He is well regarded for his leadership, creativity, and ability to foster collaborative environments for team driven projects. His breadth of experience spans various industries, including mining, oil and gas, renewable energy, high-technology, and manufacturing.

Mark Mukhija, P.Eng

Director

Mr. Mukhija brings over 15 years of experience in the mining industry including roles with global mining companies such as Teck Resources (2006), Barrick (2007), BHP (2008-2013), and TransAlta (2014-2015). From June 2023, Mr. Mukhija has served as the Global Head of Business Development for Plotlogic, a mining technology company which utilizes artificial intelligence technology aimed at sustainably increasing mineral production and reducing waste. Mr. Mukhija was the General Manager Australia (January 2020 to May 2023) and Regional Manager (September 2018 to January 2020) for Motion Metrics Pty Australia Ltd. , an industrial artificial intelligence and machine learning company catering to the mining industry with a specific focus on safety and productivity. Mr. Mukhija was responsible for the P&L, business development, project management, and logistics of the Motion Metrics (Australia) operations. With BHP, Mr. Mukhija was responsible for life of mine planning and asset value optimization. At TransAlta, Mr. Mukhija began as the Engineering Team Leader at the Sunhills Mine with 14 direct reports and then moved into a capital planning supervisory role where he was responsible for a $60 million annual sustaining capital budget for the operation. Mr. Mukhija is a Professional Engineer and graduate from the University of British Columbia with a Bachelor of Applied Science in Mining Engineering (2003) and has passed Level I of the CFA Program.